Sunday, August 14, 2011
How did China and Europe use divine right to establish their monarchies?
The Chinese belief in the Mandate of Heaven is similar to the European belief in the Divine Right, except for one important difference. Under the Mandate of Heaven, the emperors believed they were divinely chosen, but would only be given authority to rule so long as they pleased heaven. If they didn't rule justly and live up to their responsibility, heaven would ensure their fall. Divine Right, on the other hand, was used to justify absolute rule without any corresponding responsibilities. Monarchs who ruled under a strict theory of Divine Right saw themselves as God's personal representatives, chosen specifically for the task of ruling. In other words, Divine Right was a right without any corresponding responsibilities, whereas the Mandate of Heaven was a mandate so long as rulers acted justly.
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